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Friday, July 13, 2012

Large inventory of MVME


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Basic Computer Terms
basic information on how a computer works and the parts of the computer
50
Computer Science
08/24/2010
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Term
Computer
Definition
an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, displays output, and stores data for retrieval later
Term
Computer System
Definition
a computer, it's peripheral devices, and software
Term
Mainframe Computer
Definition
used by large businesses and government agencies to provide centralized storage, processing, and management of large amounts of data
Term
Supercomputer
Definition
used by large corporations and government agencies when the tremendous volume of data would seriously delay processing on a mainframe computer.
Term
Data
Definition
the words, numbers, figures, sounds, and graphics that describe people, events, things, and ideas
Term
Processing
Definition
modifying data
Term
Motherboard
Definition
located inside the computer and is the main electronic component of the computer
Term
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Definition
responsible for executing instructions to process information
Term
Input
Definition
data and instructions you put into the computer
Term
Output
Definition
the result of the computer processing input
Term
Input Device
Definition
a device used to issue commands that tell the computer how to process data
Term
Output Device
Definition
device that displays the output of the computer (monitor, printer, etc.)
Term
Trackball
Definition
similar to a mouse, exceprt that, the rolling ball is on the top side and you control the movement of the pointer by moving only the ball
Term
Touch pad
Definition
a touch sensitive device that you drag your finger over to control the pointer
Term
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Definition
creates the image you see on the screen by manipulating light within a layer of liquid crystal
Term
Resolution
Definition
the number of pixels the computer monitor displays
Term
Graphics Card
Definition
installed on the motherboard, controls the signals the computer sends to the monitor
Term
Executable File
Definition
contains the instructions that tell a computer how to perform
Term
Data File
Definition
created by the user, usually with software
Term
Binary Digit (bit)
Definition
the representation of data as a 1 or 0
Term
Byte
Definition
one character of storage space on a disk or in RAM
Term
Memory
Definition
stores instructions and data in a computer
Term
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Definition
temporarily holds programs and data while the computer is on and allows the computer access to that data randomly
Term
Read Only Memory (ROM)
Definition
a chip on the motherboard that has been pre-recorded with data
Term
Boot Process
Definition
the set of events that occurs between the moment you turn on the computer and the moment you begin to use the computer
Term
Hard Disk
Definition
magnetic storage media that contains several metal platters that are sealed inside a case
Term
Optical Storage Device
Definition
polycarbonate discs that are coated with a reflective metal on which data is recorded using laser technology(CD, DVD)
Term
USB/Flash Drive
Definition
small portable cards encased in plastic to which data can be written and rewritten
Term
Data Communications
Definition
the transmission of data from one computer to another or to a peripheral device
Term
Network
Definition
connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices
Term
Server
Definition
acts as a central storage location for programs and provide mass storage for most data on the network
Term
Peer-to-Peer Network
Definition
when a network does not have a server, and all computers are equal
Term
Local Area Network (LAN)
Definition
computers and peripheral devices are located relatively close to each other
Term
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Definition
more than one LAN connected together
Term
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)
Definition
a network connected using a standard radio frequency to connect computers to a LAN over short distances
Term
Bluetooth
Definition
uses short range radio frequencies to connect a device wirelessly to another device or the internet
Term
Security
Definition
the steps a computer owner takes to prevent unauthorized use of or damage to the computer
Term
Malware
Definition
any program that is intended to cause harm or convey information to others without the owner's permission
Term
Viruses
Definition
harmful programs that instruct your computer to perform destructive activities
Term
Antivirus Software
Definition
searches executable files for malware, erasing or disabling the malware
Term
Spyware
Definition
program that tracks a computer user's internet usage and sends that data back to the person or company who created it
Term
Firewall
Definition
prevents other computers on the internet from accessing a computer
Term
Spoofed Site
Definition
a web site set up to look exactly like another site
Term
Phishing
Definition
sending e-mails with a link to a spoofed site that asks for personal information
Term
System Software
Definition
helps the computer carry out its basic operating tasks
Term
Operating System
Definition
among other things, controls basic input and output
Term
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Definition
a computer environment in which the user manipulates graphics, icons, and dialog boxes to execute commands
Term
Programming Languages
Definition
what a programmer uses to write computer instructions
Term
Application Software
Definition
enables you to perform specific computer tasks
Term
Gigabyte
Definition
about one billion bytes

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